unit 4 earthquakes1.shake vi. & vt.(1)my hands shook during the exam. vi. 摇动,摇撼,颤抖 (2)the earthquake shook the lights. vt.使摇动 (3)vt.使受震撼,使(信念等)动摇 be shaken by/with/at 辨析:
易混词
辨析
例句
tremble
指人因感情激动、寒冷、惧怕等引起的身体颤动。the boy trembled with fear.shake
作“颤抖”讲时与tremble同义。它还有“握手,摇头或捧腹大笑”的意思。the earthquake shook the lights.2.right away“立刻,马上”的表达方式:right away, without delay, right now, straight away, at once, in no time, immediately 3.well-- you don’t look very ____. are you ill? -- no, i’m just a bit tired. a. good b. well c. strong d. healthy (1)adj.健康的 (2)n.井,水井;油井;气井 (3)adv.熟练地,有效地,令人满意地;很,非常 very/rather/fairly/quite/pretty well 4.too…to…具有否定意义,常用not…enough to…和so…that…句型结构改写。 i am too old to understand the cartoon. =i am not young enough to understand the cartoon. =i am so old that i can’t understand the cartoon. (1)e.g. i’m only too delighted to be here. 当too前有副词far, much, but, only等词修饰时,此结构没有否定意义,而表示肯定,意为“非常,十分……”,too后的形容词多是表示某种心情的,如happy, pleased, willing, thankful, anxious, eager, delighted等。 (2)e.g. it’s never too late to learn. 当too前有否定词时,此结构表示肯定。 (3)too+ adj. +for sb./sth. 表示“太……,不适合……” 5.burstburst forth突然出现 burst into突然闯入 burst out冒出 burst upon突然展现 burst open突然开了 6.event事件,大事;项目,赛事 all the events/in any event无论如何 in the event结果,到头来 after the event事后 in the event that/of…倘若,万一 in that event/in that case如果那样的话 辨析:易混词
辨析
例句
accident
意外事故。car accident
incident
附带的小事件,事端;政变。july 7th incident
event
重大的事件。what were the chief events of last year?7.directly(1)adv.径直地;坦率地;直接地;立刻 e.g. the bus goes directly to hk. (2)conj.一……就……引导时间状语从句 directly he went out he was caught. 8.ruinin ruins 严重受损 fall into ruins成为废墟 ruin>destroy>damage 9.extreme(1)adj.极度的,严重的;极端的,偏激的;过分的 extreme weather conditions极端恶劣的天气状况 extreme sports极限运动 (2)n.[c]极端不同的感情(情况或行为方式);完全相反的事物 [u]极端,极度,极限 extremes of cold, wind or rain严寒、狂风、骤雨 take sth. to extremes采取极端行为 10.injure受伤,伤害辨析:易混词共3页,当前第1页123
辨析
例句
hurt
普通用语,既可指肉体,也可指精神、感情i don’t want to hurt you.injure
健康、成就、容貌,强调功能的丧失a bullet injured his left leg.wound
枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,尤指战场上所受的伤the soldier was wounded badly.harm
伤害有生命的东西,常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等smoking seriously harmed his health.11.cover(1)盖,覆盖,掩盖 e.g. i covered the novel with my english book. the novel was covered with my english book. cover sth. with sth.用某物盖某物(表动作) be covered with被……盖着(表状态) (2)占有(多少面积);包含,包括 our orchards cover an area of 1000 mu. (3)报道 cctv covered the whole game. (4)走完(一段路程) the red army covered 25,000 li during the long march. (5)掩护 12.trap vt. & n.be trapped in困在……中,陷在……中 trap sb. into doing sth.陷害(诱骗)某人做某事 13.wonder(1)对(某事)感到惊讶,不能相信 wonder +about/at/to do/that-clause e.g. sometimes i wonder about their behavior. (2)对(某事)感到疑惑;想要知道 wonder +if/whether/wh- + to do/wh- 从句 (3)惊叹,惊奇,诧异 i am filled with wonder. (4)奇观,奇才 the great wall of china is one of the wonders in the world. 14.dig dig out挖出,翻找出 dig up翻挖;找出,查明 dig into深入钻研;挖掘 dig at钻研;挖苦(嘲笑) dig through挖通 15.burye.g. i bury myself in puzzling games. bury oneself in= be buried in埋头于……,专心于…… 16.shelter(1)庇护所,避难所;遮蔽物 (2)庇护,遮蔽,掩蔽 e.g. their immediate need is for food, clothing and shelter. (3)提供庇护(所) e.g. the wooden house sheltered us from the wind. take shelter from躲避…… run for shelter找躲避处 shelter sb./sth. from庇护某人、某物以免…… under the shelter of在……庇护下,受……的保护 17.breathe 呼吸;低声说e.g. “i’m here,” she breathed. 18.while conj.(1)引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时候”“在……期间” (2)引导时间状语从句,意为“与……同时” e.g. you may go singing while i am doing my homework. (3)引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”“尽管” ____ the internet is of great help, i don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. a. if b. while c. because d. as (4)用作并列连词,表示前后两个分居之间的对比,意为“然而” 辨析:易混词
辨析
例句
while
作“当……时候”讲时,只能与延续性动词连用。while he was reading, he fell asleep.when
作“当……时候”讲时,既可与延续性动词连用也可与瞬间动词连用。when mom came in, i was reading the novel. when i was sleeping, a thief broke in.as
强调主从据谓语动词表示的动作同时进行,意为“一边……一边……”。它还有“随着……”的意思。i looked behind from time to time as i walked. as time went by, i became more and more nervous.19.title(1)n.[c]标题,题目 (2)n.[c]职位名称;职称 (3)vt.加标题,订题目 e.g. my book was titled “windy’s fantasy world”. 20.givegive out发布;用光;精疲力竭;发出;散发 give away送掉;捐赠;表露 give in让步;屈服,投降;交上 give back返还,归还;恢复 give off发出(气味、光、热、声等) give up放弃;戒掉;交出,让出 21.congratulation(1)congratulation作“贺词”讲或单独使用时常用复数形式 (2)表示因某事向某人祝贺时常用(offer one’s)congratulations to sb. on sth. (3)congratulation用于成功、结婚、毕业等个人性的祝贺,不用于节日致词,还可用作抽象意义但不用复数形式。 i received many letters of congratulation. congratulate sb. on sth. congratulate oneself on/that暗自庆幸 辨析:易混词
辨析
例句
congratulate
意为“祝贺”,为个人间行为,常用于congratulate sb. on sth.中其名词形式为congratulation,常用复数形式。we congratulated him on his passing the exam.celebrate
意为“庆祝”,后面常接生日、胜利、纪念日之类的名词,通常以多人参加的某种形式进行。其名词形式是celebration,意为“庆祝,庆祝会”,可数名词。thousands of people attended the celebration of national day in tian’anmen square.共3页,当前第3页123