二、 一般过去时
1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本结构:主语+动词或be的过去时+名词 4.否定形式:主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。 6.例句:she often came to help us in t hose days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。 i didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙。三、 一般将来时
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 2.时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow, etc. 3.基本结构:主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其它;主语+will/shall + do+其它 4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are not going to do ;主语+will/shall not do+其它 5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。 6.例句:they are going to have a competition with us in studies.他们将有一场比赛和我们一起研究。 it is going to rain.天要下雨了。四、 一般过去将来时
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。 2.时间状语:the next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc. 3.基本结构:主语+was/were +going to + do+其它;主语+would/should + do+其它 4.否定形式:主语+was/were+not + going to + do; 主语+would/should + not + do. 5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。 6.例句:he said he would go to beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。 i asked who was going there.我问,谁要去那里。五、 现在进行时
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 2.时间状语:now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen 3.基本结构:主语+be +doing +其它六、 过去进行时
1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 新$课$标$第$一$网2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其它 4.否定形式:主语+was/were + not +doing+其它 5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。(第一个字母大写) 6.例句:at that time she was working in a pla unit.那段时间她在人民解放军部队工作。 when he came in, i was reading a newspaper.他进来时,我正在读报纸。七、 将来进行时
1.概念:表示将来某一时间正在进行的 动作,或表示要在将来某一时间开始,并继续下去的动作。常用来表示询问、请求等。 2.时间状语:soon, tomorrow, this evening,on sunday, by this time,in two days, tomorrow evening 3.基本结构:主语+shall/will + be +现在分词+其它 4.否定形式:主语+shall/will + not + be +现在分词+其它 5.例句:this time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的这个时间,他们正坐在电影院。 he won’t be coming to the party.他不去参加聚会了。八、 过去将来进行时
1.概念:表示就过去某一时间而言,将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作,主要用于宾语从句中,尤其多用于间接引语中。 2.基本结构:should/would + be +现在分词 3.例句:they said they would be coming.他们说了他们将要来。 he said he could not com e because he would be having a meeting.他说他不能来因为要开会。九、 现在完成时
1.概念:过去发生或已经 完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 2.时间状语:yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+时间点, for+时间段,recently, lately, in the past few years, etc. 3.基本结构:主语+have/has +p.p(过去分词)+其它 4.否定形式:主语+have/has + not +p.p(过去分词)+其它 5.一般疑问句:have或has。 6.例句:i've written an article.我已经写了一篇论文。 the countryside has changed a lot in th e past few years.在过去的几年,农村发生了巨大的变化。十、 过去完成时
1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。 2.时间状语:before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc. 3.基本结构:主语+had + p.p(过去分词)+其它 4.否定形式:主语+had + not +p.p(过去分词)+其它 5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。 6.例句:as soon as we got to the station, the train had left.当我们到车站的时候,火车已经开走了。十一、 将来完成时
1.概念:在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态 2.时间状语:by the time of; by the end of+时间短语( 将来);by the time+从句(将来) 3.基本结构:主语+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p(过去分词)+其它 4例句:by the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.到你回来的时候,就将发生巨大的变化。十二、 过去将来完成时
1.概念:表示在过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所 会发生的动作,常用在虚拟语气中,表示与过去的事实相反。 2.基本结构:should/would have done sth. 3.例句:i thought you'd have left by this time.我想这会儿你已经走了。 he told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.他告诉他们他会在8点以前干完。十三、 现在完成进行时
1.概念:表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始,也可能仍在继续,并可能延续到将来。 2.基本结构:主语+have/has +been +doing+其它 3.时间状语:since+时间点,for+时间段等。 4.例子:i have been sitting here for an hour.我已经在这里坐了一个小时。 the children have been watching tv since six o'clock.从6点起,孩子们一直看电视。十四、 过去完成进行时
1.概念:表示某个正在进行的动作或状态,持续到过去某个时刻,还未完成,一直持续到之后的当前才结束。 2.基本结构:主语+ had + been + doing +其它 3.例子:she had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。 had they been expecting the news for some time?他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧? 4.特殊含义:①尚未完成:he had been writing the novel.他已经在写小说了。(他没写完) ②企图:he had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾经学习过这个谚语。(他曾努力学习过它) ③未得结果:we had been studying what our enemy had said.我们一直致力于敌人所说的。(但是我们没有理解) ④最近情况:he had been quarrellin g with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。(最近) ⑤反复动作:he had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题。(屡次) ⑥情绪:what had he been doing?他做了什么?(不耐烦)十五、 将来完成进行时
1.概念:表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去,要视上下文而定。 2.基本结构:shall/will have been doing 3.例子:i shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底,我将在这个工厂工作20年了。十六、 过去将来完成进行时
1.概念:表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。 2.基本结构:should/would + have + been +现在分词 3.例子:he told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告诉 我,到年底时,他就在那住了30年了。